The value of first trimester inflammatory indices in predicting the development of preeclampsia in the third trimester

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the predictive value of hematologic inflammatory markers measured during the first trimester for developing preeclampsia in the third trimester. Methods: This retrospective study included 192 pregnant women diagnosed with preeclampsia and 159 healthy pregnant women who presented to the Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinic of S & Idot;rnak State Hospital between March 2024 and March 2025. Demographic data, obstetric history, and laboratory results were retrospectively analyzed. Inflammatory markers derived from complete blood count parameters-including the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR), systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), systemic inflammatory response index (SIRI), and aggregate index of systemic inflammation (AISI)-were compared between the two groups. Results: The mean age in the preeclampsia group was significantly higher (p = 0.002), while gestational age at delivery and birth weight were significantly lower (p < 0.001). Levels of hemoglobin, hematocrit, white blood cell count, and inflammatory markers such as NLR, SII, SIRI, and AISI were significantly lower in the preeclampsia group (p < 0.05). Monocyte counts were also significantly lower (p < 0.05). No statistically significant differences were observed between the groups regarding PLR and LMR. Conclusion: Certain hematological inflammatory markers measured in the first trimester may serve as potential biomarkers for predicting the development of preeclampsia. Incorporating these markers into routine prenatal follow-up could contribute to the early identification of high-risk pregnancies.