Prevalence of take-all disease [Gaeumannomyces graminis (Sacc.) Arx & Oliver var. tritici Walker] at Ankara, Eskişehir and Konya provinces of Turkey and reactions of some wheat cultivars

Abstract

In this study, it was aimed to determine the prevalence of Take-all disease in wheat cultivation areas of Ankara, Eskişehir and Konya provinces and the reactions of some wheat cultivars to disease. As a result of surveys carried on wheat growing areas at Ankara, Eskişehir and Konya provinces in 2013 and 2014 years, total 147 fields were observed and sampled. Resulting from morphological and molecular diagnosis, total 12 Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici (Ggt) isolates (6 isolates from Ankara, 5 isolates from Konya, and one isolate from Eskişehir) were obtained in varying numbers. The prevalence of disease was determined as 1.25%, 17.45% and 5.39% for Ankara, Eskişehir and Konya, respectively. The infection rate of the disease was detected as 11.47% for Ankara, 2.77% for Eskişehir and 10% for Konya. As a result of these isolations, Bipolaris sorokiniana, Fusarium culmorum, Fusarium graminearum, Rhizoctonia spp. and Alternaria alternata which are caused wheat root and crown rot disease were also obtained. Resulting from pathogenicity tests of 12 isolates, the studies of cultivar reaction were carried out on 70 days seedlings with total 25 wheat cultivars to be 20 bread and 5 durum using Ayaş 9 isolate which was detected as high virulent. Consequently, it was determined fifteen cultivars are moderately resistant (MR), four cultivars are moderately susceptible (MS), two cultivars are moderately resistant (R*MR) and four cultivars are resistant (R).